Resources

Below is a list of the sources used to develop the content on this site. Feel free to visit them to learn more!

We also encourage you to check out the Town of Davidson’s Virtual Earth Day site at http://townofdavidson.org/1267/Virtual-Earth-Day for some more activities and resources to check out.

Air Pollution

American Lung Association. 2019. “State of the Air 2019.” https://www.lung.org/assets/documents/healthy-air/state-of-the-air/sota-2019-full.pdf.

Bill Kovarik, “Air Pollution,” Environmental History, October 2, 2017, http://environmentalhistory.org/about/airpollution/.

Judith A. Layzer and Sara R. Rinfret, The Environmental Case: Translating Values Into Policy, Fifth edition (Los Angeles: CQ Press, 2019).

NASA. “What Causes Air Pollution?” n.d. NASA Climate Kids. Accessed April 19, 2020. https://climatekids.nasa.gov/air-pollution/.

Ricardo Energy and Environment. “Sources of Pollution – Clear the Air, a Learning Resource in Scotland.” n.d. Accessed April 19, 2020. http://cleartheair.scottishairquality.scot/about/sources.

U.N. Environment, “Air Quality Policies in United States of America,” UNEP – UN Environment Programme, July 1, 2017, http://www.unenvironment.org/resources/policy-and-strategy/air-quality-policies-united-states-america.

U.S. EPA Office of Air and Radiation. n.d. “Air Quality Trends Show Clean Air Progress.” Accessed April 19, 2020. https://gispub.epa.gov/air/trendsreport/2019/.

United States Environmental Protection Agency. 2018. “Actions You Can Take to Reduce Air Pollution.” September 27, 2018. https://www3.epa.gov/region1/airquality/reducepollution.html.

United States Environmental Protection Agency, “EPA History: Clean Air Act of 1970/1977,” Collections and Lists, US EPA, January 29, 2013, https://www.epa.gov/history/epa-history-clean-air-act-19701977.

Walter A. Rosenbaum, Environmental Politics and Policy, Eleventh edition (Washington, D.C: CQ Press, 2019).

World Health Organization. n.d. “Air Pollution.” Accessed April 19, 2020. https://www.who.int/westernpacific/health-topics/air-pollution.

Biodiversity

Fish and Wildlife Service. “Endangered Species | Laws & Policies | Endangered Species Act.” Fish and Wildlife Service. Accessed April 20, 2020. https://www.fws.gov/endangered/laws-policies/.

National Geographic Society. “Biodiversity.” National Geographic Society, August 23, 2019. http://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/biodiversity/.

NC Wildlife. “Protected Wildlife Species of NC.” NC Wildlife. Accessed April 20, 2020. https://www.ncwildlife.org/Portals/0/Conserving/documents/Protected-Wildlife-Species-of-NC.pdf

K-12 Foundation. “Welcome to CK-12 Foundation”. K-12 Foundation. Accessed April 20, 2020. https://www.ck12.org/book/cbse_biology_book_class_xii/section/19.3/.

Carrington, Damian. “What Is Biodiversity and Why Does It Matter to Us?” The Guardian. Accessed April 20, 2020. https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/mar/12/what-is-biodiversity-and-why-does-it-matter-to-us

Climate Change

Aon plc. “Weather, Climate & Catastrophe Insight,” January 2020. http://thoughtleadership.aon.com/Documents/20200122-if-natcat2020.pdf?utm_source=ceros&utm_medium=storypage&utm_campaign=natcat20.

Cooper, Roy. “Executive Order No. 80: NC’s Commitment to Address Climate Change and Transition to a Clean Energy Economy,” State of North Carolina. January 22, 2020. https://files.nc.gov/governor/documents/files/EO80-%20NC%27s%20Commitment%20to%20Address%20Climate%20Change%20%26%20Transition%20to%20a%20Clean%20Energy%20Economy.pdf

Downey, John. “Duke Energy Grant Helps Power up Electric Bus Program.” Charlotte Business Journal, September 10, 2019. https://www.bizjournals.com/charlotte/news/2019/09/10/duke-energy-grant-helps-power-up-electric-bus.html.

Environmental Protection Agency. “International Treaties and Cooperation about the Protection of the Stratospheric Ozone Layer.” Reports and Assessments. US EPA, July 15, 2015. https://www.epa.gov/ozone-layer-protection/international-treaties-and-cooperation-about-protection-stratospheric-ozone.

Johnson, Kimberly. “Climate Change Could Make Charlotte Metro Feel Like Tallahassee.” Charlotte, NC Patch, February 14, 2019. https://patch.com/north-carolina/charlotte/climate-change-could-make-charlotte-metro-feel-tallahassee.

Molina, Mario, and Durwood J. Zaelke. “A Climate Success Story to Build On.” The New York Times, September 25, 2012, sec. Opinion. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/26/opinion/montreal-protocol-a-climate-success-story-to-build-on.html.

NASA. “The Causes of Climate Change.” Global Climate Change. Accessed April 16, 2020. https://climate.nasa.gov/causes.

North Carolina State University. “Effect of Climate Change on the Southeast.” North Carolina Climate Office, n.d. https://climate.ncsu.edu/edu/Impacts.

Rosenbaum, Walter A. Environmental Politics and Policy. Eleventh Edition. Washington, D.C: CQ Press, a Division of Sage, 2019.

World Meteorological Organization. “The Global Climate in 2015–2019,” 2019, 24. https://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release/global-climate-2015-2019-climate-change-accelerates.  

History of Climate Change Graphic

Weart, Spencer. “The Discovery of Global Warming [Excerpt].” Scientific American. Accessed April 17, 2020. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/discovery-of-global-warming/.

Climate Change Dynamics Graphic

NOAA. “Climate Analyses and Statistics | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.” Accessed April 17, 2020. https://www.noaa.gov/topic-tags/climate-analyses-and-statistics.

National Academy of Sciences. “Fossil Fuels — The National Academies.” Accessed April 17, 2020. http://needtoknow.nas.edu/energy/energy-sources/fossil-fuels/.

US EPA, OAR. “Climate Change Indicators: Weather and Climate.” Reports and Assessments.

US EPA, June 27, 2016. https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/weather-climate.

Climate Change Close to Home Graphic

Li, Ya-Ru, and Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson. “Health and Air Quality Benefits of Policies to Reduce Coal-Fired Power Plant Emissions: A Case Study in North Carolina.” Environmental Science & Technology48, no. 17 (September 2, 2014): 10019–27. https://doi.org/10.1021/es501358a.

NC Sustainable Energy Association. “HB589.” Accessed April 17, 2020. https://energync.org/hb589/.

Energy

NASA. n.d. “Carbon Dioxide Concentration.” Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet. Accessed April 19, 2020. https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/carbon-dioxide.

Energy Information Administration. “North Carolina – State Energy Profile Analysis.” Energy Information Administration. n.d. Accessed April 19, 2020. https://www.eia.gov/state/analysis.php?sid=NC.

Energy Information Administration. “What Is Energy? Explained.” n.d. Accessed April 19, 2020. Energy Information Administration. https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/what-is-energy/.

Energy Information Administration. “History of Energy Consumption in the United States, 1775–2009 – Today in Energy – U.S.” Energy Information Administration. n.d. Accessed April 19, 2020. https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=10.

Energy Information Administration. “Use of Energy in Explained – U.S.” Energy Information Administration. n.d. Accessed April 19, 2020. https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/use-of-energy/.

Institute for Energy Research. “North Carolina: An Energy and Economic Analysis.” 2013. IER August 1, 2013.

US EPA, OAR. 2015. “Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emissions.” Overviews and Factsheets. US EPA. December 29, 2015. https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/sources-greenhouse-gas-emissions.

World Bank. n.d. “Electric Power Consumption (KWh per Capita).” Accessed April 19, 2020. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.ELEC.KH.PC?end=2014&start=2014&view=map.

Environmental Justice

Environmental Defense Fund. “About the Environmental Defense Fund.” Accessed April 21, 2020. https://www.edf.org/about.

EWG. “17 Principles of Environmental Justice.” Accessed April 21, 2020. https://www.ewg.org/enviroblog/2007/10/17-principles-environmental-justice.

Greenpeace USA. “About.” Accessed April 21, 2020. https://www.greenpeace.org/usa/about/.

Greenpeace USA. “Why Race Matters When We Talk About the Environment,” March 1, 2018. https://www.greenpeace.org/usa/why-race-matters-when-we-talk-about-the-environment/.

National Institutes of Health. “Kids Environment Kids Health  – National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. “Environmental Justice.” Accessed April 21, 2020. https://kids.niehs.nih.gov/topics/environment-health/environmental-justice/index.htm.

NRDC. “The Environmental Justice Movement.” NRDC. Accessed April 21, 2020. https://www.nrdc.org/stories/environmental-justice-movement.

NRDC. “The History of Environmental Justice in Five Minutes.” NRDC. Accessed April 21, 2020. https://www.nrdc.org/stories/history-environmental-justice-five-minutes.

Sierra Club. “About the Sierra Club,” October 6, 2018. https://www.sierraclub.org/about-sierra-club.

Sierra Club. “Environmental Justice,” April 17, 2014. https://www.sierraclub.org/environmental-justice.

US EPA, OA. “About EPA.” Collections and Lists. US EPA, January 18, 2013. https://www.epa.gov/aboutepa.

WE ACT for Environmental Justice. “Advocacy.” Accessed April 21, 2020. https://www.weact.org/whatwedo/advocacy/.

WE ACT for Environmental Justice. “8 Ways Environmental Organizations Can Support the Movement for Environmental Justice,” November 2, 2016. https://www.weact.org/2016/11/863/.

US EPA, OA. “Learn About Environmental Justice.” Overviews and Factsheets. US EPA, February 13, 2015. https://www.epa.gov/environmentaljustice/learn-about-environmental-justice.

US EPA, OA. “Learn About Environmental Justice.” Overviews and Factsheets. US EPA, February 13, 2015. https://www.epa.gov/environmentaljustice/learn-about-environmental-justice.

US EPA, OA. “Environmental Justice in Your Community.” Overviews and Factsheets. US EPA, April 15, 2015. https://www.epa.gov/environmentaljustice/environmental-justice-your-community.

US Health and Human Services. “Environmental Justice Strategy.” Text. HHS.gov, November 17, 2015. https://www.hhs.gov/environmental-justice/strategy-2012/index.html.

“Environmental Racism and Health Disparities.” 604 Intersectionality 2018. Accessed April 21, 2020. http://604intersectionality2018.web.unc.edu/home/group-five/environmental-racism/.

Food

Move for Hunger. “About Food Waste.” n.d. Accessed April 16, 2020. https://moveforhunger.org/food-waste.

UN FAO. “Food Loss and Food Waste.” n.d. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed April 16, 2020. http://www.fao.org/food-loss-and-food-waste/en/.

“Food Waste FAQs.” n.d. Accessed April 16, 2020. https://www.usda.gov/foodwaste/faqs.

ReFED. “Rethink Food Waste.” n.d. ReFED. Accessed April 16, 2020. http://www.refed.com.

USDA. “Creative Solutions to Ending School Food Waste.” n.d. Accessed April 16, 2020. https://www.usda.gov/media/blog/2014/08/26/creative-solutions-ending-school-food-waste.

WWF-Australia. “Reduce Your Food Footprint.” n.d. Accessed April 16, 2020. https://www.wwf.org.au/get-involved/change-the-way-you-live/food-waste#gs.3ppgz0.

Urbanization

Baker, Richard. “A New Flashiness Index: Characteristics and Applications to Midwestern Rivers and Streams,” 2004. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227681885_A_New_Flashiness_Index_Characteristics_and_Applications_to_Midwestern_Rivers_and_Streams 

Elmqvist, Thomas, Wayne Zipperer, and Burak Guneralp. “Urbanization, Habitat Loss and Biodiversity Decline: Solution Pathways to Break the Cycle,” 2016. https://search.lib.uts.edu.au/discovery/search?search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&vid=61UTS_INST:61UTS&lang=en 

EPA. “Smog, Soot, and Other Air Pollution from Transportation.” United States Environmental Protection Agency, n.d. https://www.epa.gov/transportation-air-pollution-and-climate-change/smog-soot-and-local-air-pollution. 

NASA. “What Is the Urban Heat Island Effect.” climatekids.nasa, n.d. https://climatekids.nasa.gov/heat-islands/. 

Neiderud, Carl-Johan. “How Urbanization Affects the Epidemiology of Emerginginfectious Diseases,” June 24, 2015. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26112265 

Ritchie, Hannah, and Max Roser. “Urbanization.” Our World in Data, November 2019. https://ourworldindata.org/urbanization 

USAID. “Urban Sanitation.” usaid.gov, https://www.usaid.gov/urban-sanitation. 

World Health Organization. “Improved Urban Waste Management,” https://www.who.int/sustainable-development/cities/strategies/urban-waste/en/ 

Water Pollution

US Water Alliance. “About the Clearinghouse.” n.d. Accessed April 20, 2020. http://uswateralliance.org/wec.

Voice of America. “Action To Reduce Water Pollution.” n.d. VOA Editorials. Accessed April 20, 2020. https://editorials.voa.gov/a/a-41-2009-12-16-voa5-84650332/1480549.html.

Blakemore, Erin. 2019. “The Shocking River Fire That Fueled the Creation of the EPA.” History. April 26, 2019. https://www.history.com/news/epa-earth-day-cleveland-cuyahoga-river-fire-clean-water-act.

CNN. 2019. “Flint Water Crisis Fast Facts.” CNN. December 13, 2019. https://www.cnn.com/2016/03/04/us/flint-water-crisis-fast-facts/index.html.

ESchoolToday. “Important Facts and Tips on Water Pollution for Children.” n.d. Accessed April 20, 2020. https://eschooltoday.com/pollution/water-pollution/important-water-pollution-facts.html.

Kidd, David. n.d. “The History and Definition of Water Pollution: A Teaching Unit.” Bulletin of Science, Technology, and Society. Accessed April 19, 2020. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/027046768300300203?casa_token=eaCBxYWGP2YAAAAA:iki9jXXxmlfEXeDpPNJtDuiboeSBtQg629w1eB-B7_qw1UiEGLf8qLjaLnl_D3bSRNiWoH4pse4-.

Mai-Duc, Christine. 2015. “The 1969 Santa Barbara Oil Spill That Changed Oil and Gas Exploration Forever.” Los Angeles Times. May 21, 2015. https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-santa-barbara-oil-spill-1969-20150520-htmlstory.html.

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2020. “Ocean Pollution: Each Year, Billions of Pounds of Trash and Other Pollutants Enter the Ocean.” April 20, 2020. https://www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/ocean-coasts-education-resources/ocean-pollution.

Pifher, Mark T. 1997. “The Clean Water Act: Cooperative Federalism?” Natural Resources & Environment 12 (1): 34–38.

ESchoolToday. “Prevention and Solutions to Water Pollution.” n.d. Accessed April 20, 2020. https://eschooltoday.com/pollution/water-pollution/prevention-of-water-pollution.html.

Rosenbaum, Walter. 2020a. “Command and Control in Action: Air and Water Pollution Regulation.” In Environmental Politics and Policy, 11th ed., 167–202. SAGE Publications, Inc.

Rosebaum, Walter. 2020b. “Governments in Conflict.” In Environmental Politics and Policy, 11th ed., 4. SAGE Publications, Inc.

National Library of Medicine. “Runoff: Your Environment, Your Health.” n.d. Accessed April 20, 2020a. https://toxtown.nlm.nih.gov/sources-of-exposure/runoff/storm-water.

California EPA. “State Water Resources Control Board.” n.d. Accessed April 20, 2020. https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/public_notices/petitions/water_quality/.

Los Angeles Time. 2019. “How the 1969 Santa Barbara Oil Spill Led to 50 Years of Coastal Protections in California.” Los Angeles Times. January 31, 2019. https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-oil-spill-santa-barbara-retrospective-20190131-story.html.

PBS. “Troubled Waters – A Brief History of the Clean Water Act.” 2002. Science and Health. PBS Now. December 20, 2002. https://www.pbs.org/now/science/cleanwater.html.

U.S. EPA, Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds, Office of Research and Development, National Rivers and Streams Assessment, 2008– 2009 (Washington, DC: EPA, 2013). Document No. EPA/841/D-13/001, 63.

National Institutes of Health. “Water Pollution.” 2020. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. April 15, 2020. https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/water-poll/index.cfm.